Friday, May 2, 2008
Hopes and Concerns
I feel that we have discussed in detail the hopes and concerns that you have for the class. What was really hard for me in these two last assignments is that fact that we have to find legitate sources for our research. It's not like each site would talk about the author of that particular author and be truthful about it. Sometimes I get lucky and find that they are a doctor or respected professional, but it is simply hard to do that. In essay two I stuck to using the scholarly articles from the library but even so some I find that they good sources to use due to the fact that it does not seem like good sources to cite. I feel for this course we discussed a lot about the audience we want to write to. This was interested because most times I would just write a paper to get the requirement filled and not consider who I am addressing. I learned that the are certain writing tedchniques that we should should when we addressed certain argument or certain purposes. For example in my first essay on letter to the editor I wrote it in a sarcastic tone trying to get the attention of people who can feel for my standpoint against speed cameras. I learned a lot about ethos and pathos which we be good in the future. This blog site was particularly helpful for me at times. When I was stuck on what to do for the assignment I went through and read some of the old works from others just to get an idea at how they addressed the assignment. It's a good tool because a lot of times I like to see examples of things done before I start my own because in this way I will not sidetrack to other things. All in all I feel that your hopes and concerns were full addressed in the class. Although I feel that we had a lot of papers to write in the time period allotted. That's just my thoughts because I take forever and a day to get my thoughts down and then another to do my research before I even attempt to tackle the assignment.
Research Process
Essay four was very hard for me to do. I did not know what to write about. Came up with some but I did not know if I want to choose to do my research on it. I didn't decide on writing about drunk driving until further in the research. At first I wanted to write about the illegalization of marijuana because I heard that in California people were buying it legally for their own enjoyment, but in the end I wanted to discuss about drunk driving. Reason for this is because I feel that most people do not know how deadly one wrong move can lead to, even myself I will find that I would forget about how driving drunk can be deadly. While doing my research, I feel that essay four is a very time consuming assignment. Essay 3 took me forever for the research, but the research for essay four is even longer. My topic is on drunk driving. There are so many information on this topic. I did not know what to narrow it down to. Some information that I got were not current so I had to do more search for current information. Even so, I feel that though these information are current, people or judges don't all abide to it because each case is different. Also some of the information that I got was from organization that I got online so I did not know if I was able to use it as my source, but I did so anyway because they were good information. I ended up printing a lot of information. I did not know where to begin in the reading. I just tried to read as much as I could and eliminate what I didn't want to use in the paper. When I had to cite the information, it was very hard for me to decide how to cite it. Some of the information are not given so just ended up citing the best I good. Also by doing the research it made me very sad to read some of the stories about the tragic deaths. It's sad to see that an extra sip of alcohol could lead to something so deadly and disturbing. For the final draft I ended up narrowing as much as I good. I only wanted to discuss about certain laws because there were so many for discussion. All in all this assignment was very tiresome for me because it took most of my sleep time due to the fact that I was working 12 hr shifts at the hospital which amount to 50 hr a wk. I wish I could do more on it, but it is the best I could do.
As for the next visual part of the presentation I am not looking forward to do it. Presentations are definately not what I expected to do in the class. I don't really like presentations.
As for the next visual part of the presentation I am not looking forward to do it. Presentations are definately not what I expected to do in the class. I don't really like presentations.
Letter to the Editor: Speed Cameras
February 12, 2008
9450 W. Cabela Dr. Apt. 4174
Glendale, AZ 85305
Mr. Nilsson
Editor
The Arizona Republic
P.O. Box 2244
Phoenix, AZ 85002
Dear Mr. Nilsson,
Re: Articles dealing with speed cameras on Loop 101 and Intersections
Over the past couple of weeks I have been reading articles in the Arizona Republic concerning the speed cameras off of Loop 101 and intersections. The approach that our state proposes to us when it comes to speed cameras is that they are there to protect us. Protect, “we the people,” from tragic accidents caused by people speeding or running red lights. Protection? How is such protection? For the price of such so called protection, our money is being taken away from us. Who is to say that these cameras can aid in our safety?
Governor Janet Napolitano had said once 100 cameras are added, an estimated $90 million will be received in ticket revenue. Now that is not just pocket change we are talking about. How would you like it if you open up a letter in the mail and find out that it is a speeding ticket? I, a college student with piles of bills and loans, do not like it a bit. The state is merely making revenue on our expense.
Sincerely,
9450 W. Cabela Dr. Apt. 4174
Glendale, AZ 85305
Mr. Nilsson
Editor
The Arizona Republic
P.O. Box 2244
Phoenix, AZ 85002
Dear Mr. Nilsson,
Re: Articles dealing with speed cameras on Loop 101 and Intersections
Over the past couple of weeks I have been reading articles in the Arizona Republic concerning the speed cameras off of Loop 101 and intersections. The approach that our state proposes to us when it comes to speed cameras is that they are there to protect us. Protect, “we the people,” from tragic accidents caused by people speeding or running red lights. Protection? How is such protection? For the price of such so called protection, our money is being taken away from us. Who is to say that these cameras can aid in our safety?
Governor Janet Napolitano had said once 100 cameras are added, an estimated $90 million will be received in ticket revenue. Now that is not just pocket change we are talking about. How would you like it if you open up a letter in the mail and find out that it is a speeding ticket? I, a college student with piles of bills and loans, do not like it a bit. The state is merely making revenue on our expense.
Sincerely,
Essay 3: Annotated Bibiliography: Drinking and Driving
Annotated Bibliography: Drinking and Driving
What can be done to prevent the many tragic results of drinking and driving?
One would not consider that by stepping into an automobile that they may either be in danger from a driver driving under the influence or that they themselves are at risk by drunk driving. Today our primary source of transportation is the automobile. It takes us from one place to another. It is rather safe but if a driver drives under the influence the result could be detrimental. According to the U.S. Transportation Department in 2006, there are 13,470 fatalities in crashes involving at least one driver who had a .08 or above BAC. To many, alcohol drinking is an activity done for social interaction and relaxation. Drinking alcohol is not dangerous but it is when an individual puts themselves behind the wheel. Alcohol at even an amount as low as 0.02 percent blood alcohol is dangerous because it can impair the drivers ability by reducing reaction time and slowing the decision making process. Once people realize this information then it will help reduce the number of people killed each year. Education amongst people about this issue is very important, therefore an organization such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is constantly educating the public and pushing for new initiatives to crack down on drunk driving. Stricter laws I believe should be enforced to help this problem. Whatever it takes to save lives is what the opposition should consider when counter arguing or going against the new implementation or laws that are made. In my research I will discuss about the different organization that are helping to fight against drunk driving and the legislations or laws that have come about I will discuss about the impacts of alcohol and the outcome of drinking and driving and giving situations where it has ended deadly. I will provide argument on how the opposition believes that they are being restricted to things because the laws are getting stricter on drunk driving. I organized my sources in that is arranged first by arguments for my topic and lastly by opposition. It is not in any alphabetical order. I wanted to discuss about the prevention of drinking and driving because the source I have was very credible. Then it is followed by different measures to help people not drink and drive. For example tougher laws in effect. Then I went about with the physical reactions from alcohol. How many drinks does it take to feel drink. Then I gave reference to the fight against hard core drunk driving. Then I wanted for people to be aware of the politics involve so I discussed about MADD fight against drunk driving. I then further gave reference to the initiative used such as road blocks and car possession because I believe tougher matters should be used to fight against any kind of drunk driving whether it is light or highly dosed. I wanted the research to not to be biased so I added a counter argument. This counter argument simply states that it is not a matter of drunk driving but a matter of drinking and driving. To the opposition social drinkers are being punished by the roadblock and lower BAC levels not the hard core drinking.
Hingson, Ralph. “Prevention of Drinking and Driving.” Alcohol Health and Research Word. (Winter 1997-98): 219-26. SIRS Knowledge Source. Gateway Community College Lib. 4 April 2008.
<http://sks.sirs.com>
Dr. Hingson discusses major and legal community initiatives to reduce the problem of drinking and driving. He also examines potential measures for further reductions. He talks about how legistlative initiatives and lower blood alcohol limits have shown for decrease in alcohol related deaths. He believe that with further education, enforcement, and comprehensive community programs would help the decline of deaths related to alcohol.
This source is a good source in it that is obtained from an academic source. The author is credible in it that he is a respected in the community. He is a professor and chair of the Social and Behavior Sciences Department at Boston University School of Public Health. It is written a couple years back but the information given is great. With the given information he follows it with many references. This shows that he did his research before writing the article. His research was supported by the Massachusetts Governor’s Highway Safety Bureau. Article is taken from a scholarly journal which is Alcohol Health & Research World. This article is relevant to my research. Many points were addressed that I would like to use. Only thing is I have to provide other current statistics to help me with the research. He made many claims using the statistics from National Highway Traffic Safety which is good because it is from a reliable source.
Egendorf, Laura. “Reducing Drinking and Driving by Young Drivers.” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. (2001) Gale. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://findgalegroup.com/ovrc>.
This article talks about the zero-tolerance laws as explained in the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). It discusses how the law has reduced drinking and driving among younger drivers. It is a law that makes it illegal for a person under 21 of age to drive with a blood alcohol level greater than .02. Zero tolerance law is proven to save lives. Article gave examples and statistics to show that this law is a positive change for alcohol related situations.
There is no author to this publication. This information is offered by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. This is a reliable and well known source. Information although not current is a good place to start. The statistics are good. Need to find up to date about current states. The intended audience is everyday people who is against drunk driving. Gives information on further readings related to the subject matter. Sources are from scholarly journals and books.
Koch, Kathy. “Drunken Driving: Does America Need Tougher Laws?” 6 October 2000. 793-808. CQ Researcher. Gateway Community College Lib. 27 March 2008.
<http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher>.
In this article the author talks about how heavy drinkers, alcoholics and repeat offenders are responsible for most drunk driving. He stresses how we should have tougher laws to decrease the number of alcohol related deaths and injuries. Has a good chart of the United States showing the BAC Level being either .08 or .10%. States that some alcohol related incident are not recorded after the person is sent to hospital, therefore the statistics may be wrong about alcohol related incidents. Questions what can be done. Really good article stressing the pros and cons of have stricter solutions. Good amount of examples of people affect by drunk driving. Article also have a timeframe starting with the first start of alcohol concerns in the 1970’s to 2000. In short author wants there to be stricter laws. This is a good source because it has many cites and contact whether it is against or for drunk driving strict laws.
No information is provided in the article about the article. This article is found in CQ Researcher so it is a known and respected site to get good research information. Information stated is followed by statistics from good sources. Author gave arguments for and against the issue of drunk driving. Though he clearly supports laws against drunk driving he also gives the counter argument. Provides many contacts that would be good sources for reliable information, such as the Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety and Mothers Against Drunk Driving. Author made cites to scholarly journal and known publications.
Winter, Bill. “States Get Tougher on Drunk Drivers.” American Bar Association Journal 68 (February 1972): 140. Academic Search Premiere. EBSCO. Gateway Community College Lib. 3 April 2008
<http://web.ebscohost.com >
Focuses on the state government to put effort to strengthen drunk driving laws in the United States. Gives motivation behind these moves in certain state and also talks about the penalties involve to those that violate. Also talks about the legal questions raised by these laws.
This article is from a scholarly journal called the American Bar Association. No information is given about the author. Information is not current because done back in 1970. Like information and thoughts in this article because it showed me how drinking and driving is like back in those days. For example California law provides a mandatory two to four day jail term plus a fine. I also learned that it was .10 percent blood alcohol level.
Kerr, William, et al. “How Many Drink Does It Take You To Feel Drunk? Trends and Predictors for Subjective Drunkenness.” Addiction 101 (October 2006): 1428-1437. Academic Search Premiere. EBSCO. Gateway Community College Lib. 3 April 2008.
<http://web.ebcohost.com >
This article is a research done by a couple of people to describe and model the different trends and variations of the meaning of drunkenness. It covers a period in 1979, 1995, and 2000. Research shows that there is a downward shift in the meaning of drunkenness. Could be due to education, aging population, and decline in per capita alcohol and changes in alcohol policies.
This research report is written by educated professionals. They are from the Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute and the School of Social Welfare in Berkeley. Berkeley is a highly respectable school so this source has credibility. Done back in 2006 so information is relatively current. Publishing body is from the Society for the Study of Addiction so the source is good for my purpose. Cited many sources that are legitimate, for example National Alcohol Surveys. Statistic show me that man can drink more than women which I know but need the research to back up. This research finding is a good start to find other researches maybe dealing with body weight and tolerances due to experiences.
Mejeur, Jeanne. “Way Too Drunk to Drive.” State Legistlatures. 31 (December 2005):18-20. SIRS Knowledge Source. Gateway Community College Lib. 4 April 2008.
<http://sks.sirs.com >
This article gives an overview of state efforts to fight the problem of drunk driving. It shows the enactment of “high BAC laws”. There is greater penalties for a high BAC offence. She also discusses about ignition interlocks required of repeat offenders. This requirement is good because stiffer things are done to repeat offenders. Ways to help repeat offenders is for them to take up classes to get educated about abuse. Author also tells about coalition to fight against hard core drunk driving. Good reference because it tells of cites to go to in order to find information on different states and laws in effect.Also gave for each state High BAC offense Laws.
Good source because it is from the State Legislatures. Author is NCSL’s expert on drunk driving laws. Uses pathos to get an appeal from an audience of sympathetic nature because starts off the article with tragic stories. Information is from 2005 so it is rather current. Author uses sources from other sources that I am getting information so these are very reliable information. For example, the sources used are from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and NCSL.
Murray, Mark. “Unbottling the .08 Percent Solution.” National Journal. 32 (November 2000): 3488. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://find.galegroup.com >
This article talks about the politics that plays a role in laws to help with the drunk driving battle. “But the deep-pocketed restaurant, hotel, and liquor lobby made sure that the proposal didn’t get far in the House.” Still with persistence MADD was able to overcome this. “An examination of how they [MADD] pulled it off demonstrates that the difference between winning and losing on Capital Hill often comes down to personal influence, timing, and luck.” Author likes what MADD stand and fight for. Who wouldn’t if they don’t want innocent lives to be taken away from them for irresponsible people and their actions.
Information is not given by author. Article written back in 2000 so this is a few years back. Information is good because it discusses what organizations went through to fight for the cause of helping people fight against drunk driving, MAAD.
Haley, James. “All Drunk Driving Offenders Should Lose Their Cars.” Drunk Driving (2002) Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://find.galegroup.com >
Author feels that drunk driving is a tragic social problem. Many lives and families are lost. “Every one of those deaths is preventable—but for years, despite extensive public education campaigns, the message hasn’t gotten across clearly enough.” To help with this, more education is done and initiatives are taking effect. “That’s why in February of 1999 the New York City Police Department launched an aggressive new initiative to confiscate the cars of those arrested for Driving While Intoxicated.” Author feels that this approach is working because statistics show that DWI fatalities has declined by 18 percent in New York City. Author feels that we should stop the first time offenders, as well as to catch the chronic drunk drivers. Saving lives is the priority.
Author makes relevant to the Washington Post which is a popular newspaper. Author cites further readings of books and periodicals to do research on drunk driving. Gave many statistics and how the laws that came effect in New York were beneficial to saving the lives of people. Author is very optimistic. I think his belief is good start for others to see too.
Willard, Richard. “Drunk Driving: Are Random Checkpoints Constitutional?” ABA Journal. 76 (1990) Academic Search Premier. Gateway Community College Lib. 3 April 2008.
<http://web.ebcoshost.com >
Article talks about the debate over the constitutionality of roadblocks in the United States for drunk driving. The author feels that these checkpoints are good. “Over the past 10 years, one quarter of a million Americans have lost their lives in alcohol related automobile crashes.” He feels the “checkpoint serves as a visible warning not only to drivers who are drunk, but also to those who are sober but might contemplate driving in an impaired state on some other occasion.
Another article to further my belief that increasing stricter forces would help against drunk driving. Checkpoints to be used are good because it makes people aware of the issue. Information is written in a scholarly journal so this is good. Although I am not familiar with any information about the author. I need to do more search to see its credibility.
Lankford, Ronnie. “Eliminating Drunk Driving Creates Repressive Laws.” Opposing Viewpoints Research Center. (2007)Gale. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://findgalegroup.com/ovrc>.
This article talks about how MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) have changed its concern from drunk driving to drinking and driving. The author seems to praise MADD for its continual efforts to help, but he seems to dislike how MADD has venture off to even further depth on the topic. He feels that they are attacking social drinkers where they are not the ones to worry about. He disagrees with the stricter laws because they are of no benefit and reduce constitutional protections. This article has many statistics that are useful to me because it gives statistics how tragic accidents due to alcohol has decrease because of actions that were taken. He made note of different actions taken and how he may or may not agree with them because it is not a matter of drunk driving but purely drinking and driving.
Author is a columnist for Fox News and a former analyst for the Cato Institute. Fox News is a popular new station so his information and thoughts are well thought out. Cato Institute is seen in many of my research so he knows his information. Author provides further readings that will be good to look at. Article is a good way for me to come up with the counterarguments for my topic. For example, social drinkers being restricted because of the stricter laws. His argument is good, but I think stricter laws to save lives is more important than anything else.
What can be done to prevent the many tragic results of drinking and driving?
One would not consider that by stepping into an automobile that they may either be in danger from a driver driving under the influence or that they themselves are at risk by drunk driving. Today our primary source of transportation is the automobile. It takes us from one place to another. It is rather safe but if a driver drives under the influence the result could be detrimental. According to the U.S. Transportation Department in 2006, there are 13,470 fatalities in crashes involving at least one driver who had a .08 or above BAC. To many, alcohol drinking is an activity done for social interaction and relaxation. Drinking alcohol is not dangerous but it is when an individual puts themselves behind the wheel. Alcohol at even an amount as low as 0.02 percent blood alcohol is dangerous because it can impair the drivers ability by reducing reaction time and slowing the decision making process. Once people realize this information then it will help reduce the number of people killed each year. Education amongst people about this issue is very important, therefore an organization such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is constantly educating the public and pushing for new initiatives to crack down on drunk driving. Stricter laws I believe should be enforced to help this problem. Whatever it takes to save lives is what the opposition should consider when counter arguing or going against the new implementation or laws that are made. In my research I will discuss about the different organization that are helping to fight against drunk driving and the legislations or laws that have come about I will discuss about the impacts of alcohol and the outcome of drinking and driving and giving situations where it has ended deadly. I will provide argument on how the opposition believes that they are being restricted to things because the laws are getting stricter on drunk driving. I organized my sources in that is arranged first by arguments for my topic and lastly by opposition. It is not in any alphabetical order. I wanted to discuss about the prevention of drinking and driving because the source I have was very credible. Then it is followed by different measures to help people not drink and drive. For example tougher laws in effect. Then I went about with the physical reactions from alcohol. How many drinks does it take to feel drink. Then I gave reference to the fight against hard core drunk driving. Then I wanted for people to be aware of the politics involve so I discussed about MADD fight against drunk driving. I then further gave reference to the initiative used such as road blocks and car possession because I believe tougher matters should be used to fight against any kind of drunk driving whether it is light or highly dosed. I wanted the research to not to be biased so I added a counter argument. This counter argument simply states that it is not a matter of drunk driving but a matter of drinking and driving. To the opposition social drinkers are being punished by the roadblock and lower BAC levels not the hard core drinking.
Hingson, Ralph. “Prevention of Drinking and Driving.” Alcohol Health and Research Word. (Winter 1997-98): 219-26. SIRS Knowledge Source. Gateway Community College Lib. 4 April 2008.
<http://sks.sirs.com>
Dr. Hingson discusses major and legal community initiatives to reduce the problem of drinking and driving. He also examines potential measures for further reductions. He talks about how legistlative initiatives and lower blood alcohol limits have shown for decrease in alcohol related deaths. He believe that with further education, enforcement, and comprehensive community programs would help the decline of deaths related to alcohol.
This source is a good source in it that is obtained from an academic source. The author is credible in it that he is a respected in the community. He is a professor and chair of the Social and Behavior Sciences Department at Boston University School of Public Health. It is written a couple years back but the information given is great. With the given information he follows it with many references. This shows that he did his research before writing the article. His research was supported by the Massachusetts Governor’s Highway Safety Bureau. Article is taken from a scholarly journal which is Alcohol Health & Research World. This article is relevant to my research. Many points were addressed that I would like to use. Only thing is I have to provide other current statistics to help me with the research. He made many claims using the statistics from National Highway Traffic Safety which is good because it is from a reliable source.
Egendorf, Laura. “Reducing Drinking and Driving by Young Drivers.” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. (2001) Gale. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://findgalegroup.com/ovrc>.
This article talks about the zero-tolerance laws as explained in the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). It discusses how the law has reduced drinking and driving among younger drivers. It is a law that makes it illegal for a person under 21 of age to drive with a blood alcohol level greater than .02. Zero tolerance law is proven to save lives. Article gave examples and statistics to show that this law is a positive change for alcohol related situations.
There is no author to this publication. This information is offered by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. This is a reliable and well known source. Information although not current is a good place to start. The statistics are good. Need to find up to date about current states. The intended audience is everyday people who is against drunk driving. Gives information on further readings related to the subject matter. Sources are from scholarly journals and books.
Koch, Kathy. “Drunken Driving: Does America Need Tougher Laws?” 6 October 2000. 793-808. CQ Researcher. Gateway Community College Lib. 27 March 2008.
<http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher>.
In this article the author talks about how heavy drinkers, alcoholics and repeat offenders are responsible for most drunk driving. He stresses how we should have tougher laws to decrease the number of alcohol related deaths and injuries. Has a good chart of the United States showing the BAC Level being either .08 or .10%. States that some alcohol related incident are not recorded after the person is sent to hospital, therefore the statistics may be wrong about alcohol related incidents. Questions what can be done. Really good article stressing the pros and cons of have stricter solutions. Good amount of examples of people affect by drunk driving. Article also have a timeframe starting with the first start of alcohol concerns in the 1970’s to 2000. In short author wants there to be stricter laws. This is a good source because it has many cites and contact whether it is against or for drunk driving strict laws.
No information is provided in the article about the article. This article is found in CQ Researcher so it is a known and respected site to get good research information. Information stated is followed by statistics from good sources. Author gave arguments for and against the issue of drunk driving. Though he clearly supports laws against drunk driving he also gives the counter argument. Provides many contacts that would be good sources for reliable information, such as the Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety and Mothers Against Drunk Driving. Author made cites to scholarly journal and known publications.
Winter, Bill. “States Get Tougher on Drunk Drivers.” American Bar Association Journal 68 (February 1972): 140. Academic Search Premiere. EBSCO. Gateway Community College Lib. 3 April 2008
<http://web.ebscohost.com >
Focuses on the state government to put effort to strengthen drunk driving laws in the United States. Gives motivation behind these moves in certain state and also talks about the penalties involve to those that violate. Also talks about the legal questions raised by these laws.
This article is from a scholarly journal called the American Bar Association. No information is given about the author. Information is not current because done back in 1970. Like information and thoughts in this article because it showed me how drinking and driving is like back in those days. For example California law provides a mandatory two to four day jail term plus a fine. I also learned that it was .10 percent blood alcohol level.
Kerr, William, et al. “How Many Drink Does It Take You To Feel Drunk? Trends and Predictors for Subjective Drunkenness.” Addiction 101 (October 2006): 1428-1437. Academic Search Premiere. EBSCO. Gateway Community College Lib. 3 April 2008.
<http://web.ebcohost.com >
This article is a research done by a couple of people to describe and model the different trends and variations of the meaning of drunkenness. It covers a period in 1979, 1995, and 2000. Research shows that there is a downward shift in the meaning of drunkenness. Could be due to education, aging population, and decline in per capita alcohol and changes in alcohol policies.
This research report is written by educated professionals. They are from the Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute and the School of Social Welfare in Berkeley. Berkeley is a highly respectable school so this source has credibility. Done back in 2006 so information is relatively current. Publishing body is from the Society for the Study of Addiction so the source is good for my purpose. Cited many sources that are legitimate, for example National Alcohol Surveys. Statistic show me that man can drink more than women which I know but need the research to back up. This research finding is a good start to find other researches maybe dealing with body weight and tolerances due to experiences.
Mejeur, Jeanne. “Way Too Drunk to Drive.” State Legistlatures. 31 (December 2005):18-20. SIRS Knowledge Source. Gateway Community College Lib. 4 April 2008.
<http://sks.sirs.com >
This article gives an overview of state efforts to fight the problem of drunk driving. It shows the enactment of “high BAC laws”. There is greater penalties for a high BAC offence. She also discusses about ignition interlocks required of repeat offenders. This requirement is good because stiffer things are done to repeat offenders. Ways to help repeat offenders is for them to take up classes to get educated about abuse. Author also tells about coalition to fight against hard core drunk driving. Good reference because it tells of cites to go to in order to find information on different states and laws in effect.Also gave for each state High BAC offense Laws.
Good source because it is from the State Legislatures. Author is NCSL’s expert on drunk driving laws. Uses pathos to get an appeal from an audience of sympathetic nature because starts off the article with tragic stories. Information is from 2005 so it is rather current. Author uses sources from other sources that I am getting information so these are very reliable information. For example, the sources used are from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and NCSL.
Murray, Mark. “Unbottling the .08 Percent Solution.” National Journal. 32 (November 2000): 3488. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://find.galegroup.com >
This article talks about the politics that plays a role in laws to help with the drunk driving battle. “But the deep-pocketed restaurant, hotel, and liquor lobby made sure that the proposal didn’t get far in the House.” Still with persistence MADD was able to overcome this. “An examination of how they [MADD] pulled it off demonstrates that the difference between winning and losing on Capital Hill often comes down to personal influence, timing, and luck.” Author likes what MADD stand and fight for. Who wouldn’t if they don’t want innocent lives to be taken away from them for irresponsible people and their actions.
Information is not given by author. Article written back in 2000 so this is a few years back. Information is good because it discusses what organizations went through to fight for the cause of helping people fight against drunk driving, MAAD.
Haley, James. “All Drunk Driving Offenders Should Lose Their Cars.” Drunk Driving (2002) Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://find.galegroup.com >
Author feels that drunk driving is a tragic social problem. Many lives and families are lost. “Every one of those deaths is preventable—but for years, despite extensive public education campaigns, the message hasn’t gotten across clearly enough.” To help with this, more education is done and initiatives are taking effect. “That’s why in February of 1999 the New York City Police Department launched an aggressive new initiative to confiscate the cars of those arrested for Driving While Intoxicated.” Author feels that this approach is working because statistics show that DWI fatalities has declined by 18 percent in New York City. Author feels that we should stop the first time offenders, as well as to catch the chronic drunk drivers. Saving lives is the priority.
Author makes relevant to the Washington Post which is a popular newspaper. Author cites further readings of books and periodicals to do research on drunk driving. Gave many statistics and how the laws that came effect in New York were beneficial to saving the lives of people. Author is very optimistic. I think his belief is good start for others to see too.
Willard, Richard. “Drunk Driving: Are Random Checkpoints Constitutional?” ABA Journal. 76 (1990) Academic Search Premier. Gateway Community College Lib. 3 April 2008.
<http://web.ebcoshost.com >
Article talks about the debate over the constitutionality of roadblocks in the United States for drunk driving. The author feels that these checkpoints are good. “Over the past 10 years, one quarter of a million Americans have lost their lives in alcohol related automobile crashes.” He feels the “checkpoint serves as a visible warning not only to drivers who are drunk, but also to those who are sober but might contemplate driving in an impaired state on some other occasion.
Another article to further my belief that increasing stricter forces would help against drunk driving. Checkpoints to be used are good because it makes people aware of the issue. Information is written in a scholarly journal so this is good. Although I am not familiar with any information about the author. I need to do more search to see its credibility.
Lankford, Ronnie. “Eliminating Drunk Driving Creates Repressive Laws.” Opposing Viewpoints Research Center. (2007)Gale. Gateway Community College Lib. 25 March 2008.
<http://findgalegroup.com/ovrc>.
This article talks about how MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) have changed its concern from drunk driving to drinking and driving. The author seems to praise MADD for its continual efforts to help, but he seems to dislike how MADD has venture off to even further depth on the topic. He feels that they are attacking social drinkers where they are not the ones to worry about. He disagrees with the stricter laws because they are of no benefit and reduce constitutional protections. This article has many statistics that are useful to me because it gives statistics how tragic accidents due to alcohol has decrease because of actions that were taken. He made note of different actions taken and how he may or may not agree with them because it is not a matter of drunk driving but purely drinking and driving.
Author is a columnist for Fox News and a former analyst for the Cato Institute. Fox News is a popular new station so his information and thoughts are well thought out. Cato Institute is seen in many of my research so he knows his information. Author provides further readings that will be good to look at. Article is a good way for me to come up with the counterarguments for my topic. For example, social drinkers being restricted because of the stricter laws. His argument is good, but I think stricter laws to save lives is more important than anything else.
Essay 4: Drink and Driving
Drinking and Driving
What can be done to prevent the many tragic results of drinking and driving?
One would not consider that by stepping into an automobile that they may either be in danger from a person driving under the influence or alcohol or that they themselves are at risk by drunk driving. Today our primary source of transportation is the automobile which takes us from one place to another. It is rather safe to drive, but if a person drives under the influence the result could be detrimental. According to the U.S. Transportation Department in 2006, there are 13,470 fatalities in crashes involving at least one driver who had a .08 or above BAC. To many, alcohol drinking is an activity done for social interaction and relaxation. Drinking alcohol itself is not dangerous, but the after effect of a drunk driver putting behind the wheel is. According to Hingston, ScD, a professor and chair of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Department , “Alcohol at even an amount as low as 0.02 percent blood alcohol is dangerous because it can impair the drivers performance by reducing reaction time and slowing the decision making process”(219). That means a small amount of alcohol can affect one’s ability and mind. Once people realize this information then it will help reduce the number of people killed each year. Education amongst people on this issue is very important, therefore an organization such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is constantly educating the public and pushing for new initiatives to crack down on drunk driving. Stricter laws I believe should be enforced to help this problem. Whatever it takes to save lives is what the opposition should consider when counter arguing or going against the new implementation or laws that are made. In my research I will discuss about the impacts of alcohol and the outcome of drinking and driving and giving situations where it has ended deadly. I will discuss about the organization that are helping to fight against drunk driving and the legislations or laws that have come about. I will provide information as to what I believe will help to lessen the results of drinking and driving. I will also provide my data that I have gathered to confirm or disconfirm my thoughts about people’s ideas on drinking and driving and what solutions should be done.
People who drink and drive cause many deaths in society. “The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration released data showing there were 13,470 deaths in 2006 involving drivers and motorcycle operators with blood alcohol levels of .08 or higher, which is the legal limit for adults throughout the country. The number was down slightly from 2005, when 13,582 people died in crashes.” These numbers are simply just numbers to some that are not moved by the tragic deaths that alcohol and driving have caused. But to others they have a deep sympathy for those dealing with pain of losing a loved one due to drunk driving. These people are aware of the deadly after math of drinking and driving and has a sense of what is going on in society. Browsing through web pages after the next, I find that there are many sad stories that occur due to drunk driving. All of which involves either a death or injury of those we love. Some stories involve love ones trying to deal with their love ones death or those trying to forgive the person responsible for their loss. All of these stories, I believe can be helped or avoided if people are more aware of this weapon of destruction, alcohol and driving. People should be educated more about alcohol and driving. All ages should be educated so that as time progress they are prone to thinking that driving and alcohol do not mix.
MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Driving is an organization developed in 1980 due to a mother’s grieving determination over her teenage daughter who died from a hit and run drunk driver that “sparked a volunteer movement that swept the nation and saved thousands of lives.” They did not just say drunk driving killed thousands, but instead they held up pictures to prove it. “The mission of MADD today is to stop drunk driving, support the victims of this violent crime, and prevent underage drinking”. (MADD) One of MADD’s solutions to drunk driving is education amongst people. People of all ages need to know more about the effects of drinking and driving. In a 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health of 67,500 conducted by Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Applied Studies, “Young adults aged 18-22 enrolled full time in college were more likely than their peers not enrolled full time to use alcohol in the past month, binge drink, and drink heavily. Past month alcohol use was reported by 66.4 percent of full time college students compared with 54.1 percent of persons aged 18 to 22 who were not enrolled full time”. This shows that young adults need to be educated about alcohol since they are placed in situations where drinking and driving is the norm. MADD is an organization that has ongoing focus on education, laws, and research. MADD has programs that educate the public whether it be through community outreach or towards schools. For example, MADD has a program called “Think”, which is a year round campaign to help high school students avoid underage drinking. Think campaign uses peer participation, creative party ideas, and lots of materials and support. Usually it is possible for less than a $1 per student. This price is inexpensive compared to the fines if charged with a DUI. Students organize the campaign, lead the pledge drive and put on other events to encourage friends to party safe and sober year round. This is only one of the many education that MADD offers. They also have assembly programs designed for elementary and highschools. It costs $675 for one show, but schools are able to try to get grants, sponsorships, or fundraising. For such a little amount, but it can save thousands of lives. These shows are designed to give students a powerful message about the dangers of underage drinking through celebrity interview, clips, and stories of real young people.
Not only should people educated about the deadly effects alcohol can cause, but they should be educated on how costly getting a DUI can cause. Not only does DUI can cause emotional upsets if death or injury occurs, it can also be costly towards peoples’ pockets. Different states have different penalties for a DUI conviction; therefore I will only focus on Arizona. The penalties in Arizona depend on the type of DUI that was charged and the defendant’s criminal record. Each individual’s case might be different. According to Jaffe Law Firm, Arizona DUI Defense website, the penalties for first offense impaired to a BAC above .08 are: Jail time of a range of 10 to 180 days . Minimum of 10 days of which 9 can be suspended it you agree on an alcohol and drug evaluation and treatment. Fines involve are approximately $1800, plus jail costs. License suspension of 90 days. Counseling which involves a substance abuse evaluation and compliance with recommendations. Five years of probation. Community service may be involved depending on the court. May be ordered to attend a session of MADD victims’ impact panel. Ignition Interlock Device required for 12 month. A range of 90 to 180 days in jail. Minimum of 90 consecutive days in jail. The court may suspend 60 of the 90 days in jail if you successfully complete all recommended treatment and counseling. For 2nd offense of BAC above .08 the penalties are: Fines of $3500 and jail costs. Revoked license for one year. Counseling for substance abuse evaluation. May be on probation of five years. Minimum of 30 hours of community service. May be ordered to attend MADD Victims’ impact panel. Ignition interlock device required for 12 months after license reinstatement. As for other extreme first and second offenders the sentencing would be increased. Getting charged for any type of DUI is rather time consuming and costly. Even though there are these costs whether it be emotional or monetary, some are not aware of such aftermath for just having one drink too many. To further research how people perceive of drinking and driving I conducted a small survey.
For my research I wanted to find out how people feel about drinking and driving. Therefore, did a survey of ten questions to see what are peoples’ thoughts on this issue. The questions in the survey are as followed:
1. Do you approve of having sobriety checkpoints whenever and wherever?
2. Should first time offenders for DUI be given stricter punishment?
3. Should there be more states having mandatory breath alcohol ignition interlocks installed in car for 1st time offender?
4. Have you ever drink and drive? How many times? How intoxicated?
5. Were you or anyone you know been involved in an accident caused by drunk driving?
6. Do you agree that drunk drivers have caused many deaths in the past years?
7. Do you agree that by enforcing more laws that it can reduce the number of deaths?
8. Do you agree that there should be more educators out there educating the effect of drinking and driving?
9. Do you agree that the message of drinking and driving has not been clearly delivered to the public?
10. Do you agree that a life is very precious?
I was able to have thirty surveys done. They are amongst health professionals, friends, business professionals, and so forth. Names were not requested so that the individuals’ answers will not be affected. After the surveys were collected and looked over I concluded that people like things to be done about drinking and driving. People are familiar with the deaths caused by drunk driving. Since they were professionals they were responsible drivers. Even so there were some that have said even though they knew of the consequences of drinking and driving, they still did it anyway. The majority of people that I interviewed would like more people being educated about the effects of drinking and driving. As discussed earlier there are organizations such as MADD that help educate people of all ages about the dangers of alcohol, as well as fighting for laws to aid in safety for people, and research for technology that can help combat against drivers driving drunk.
A measure that has not been out but I think will help with drinking and driving is that I think people who wish to get their drivers license take a weeklong course about the dangers of alcohol and driving. Thus course can be similar to those of MADD program assembly for school, the only difference is that it is an extended course with more information. I recall that in highschool we as students had drivers education and health education, but I do not think it is intense and deep enough to lay out the message. This course should be a requirement to have before taking the driving test. If later on an individual must need to take the drivers test again then they should also take the course again. Yes, it is rather a nuisance, but people need reminders.
For the sake of there being different laws in effect for drinking and driving, we will only talk about some of Arizona laws. Of the newest law that Arizona adapted is the ignition interlock law. Ignition interlocks prevent people who have alcohol in their system from driving a car. The alcohol ignition interlock is a breath test linked to a vehicle’s ignition system. There is a preset BAC linked to the system that the driver must not pass. “Installing interlocks on all repeat offenders has the potential to save the lives of at least 300 individuals per year.” (MADD) Typically the costs are $175 to install the device and $2.25 a day while interlock is in car. As of March of 2008, there are only five states with the interlock system. They are Washington, New Mexico, Arizona, Louisiana, and Illinois. Critics say interlock devices are expensive to maintain and provide a short-term answer to a long term proble. (Collom) It may be costly but it reduces the risk of drinking and driving and killing an innocent person. Who is to say that it is a short term. There is a possibility that the individual when lean from their mistake and not make the same wrong move again.
Another action or measure that I agree beside for education and ignition interlock are sobriety checkpoints. States should be able to have these checkpoints as reminders for people not to drink and drive. True, check points can sometimes be time consuming if there are long lines, but if it helps to capture DUI people then it is a good thing. Also sometimes people need those little reminders that alcohol can impair driving. Willard had said in his article, “The checkpoints serves as a visible warning not only to drivers who are drunk, but also to those who are sober but might contemplate driving in an impaired state on some other occasion.” (44) States should be allowed to have checkpoints wherefore they think is needed, especially on holidays where some forget about the responsibilities of a driver.
Education amongst individuals of all ages concerning drinking and driving is very important for a safe life. Community outreach and intervention would be helpful to those that have drive under the influence or will do so in the future. Education. Education. Education. Whether it a simple talk about alcohol or traffic accidents, every parent or friends and family should talk about it with their love ones. Hearing about it, being educated, can all lead to saving a life. Sometimes refresher or reminder of the deadly effects of alcohol can make a difference to one’s standpoint on alcohol and driving. I believe that along with more public education, more laws, devices, and research can all help decrease the number of fatalities involving alcohol. Even if it a burden to those who feel they don’t drink and drive that they shouldn’t be wasting their money or time with the for example sobriety checkpoints, still a life can be very precious. If you are not into the political battling of laws, you can be on the sidelines helping not drink and drive. Alcohol is a depressant so it slows down one’s ability to think, speak, move, and act. Therefore even a little of alcohol could affect your ability to drive. The next time you think of taking that last sip of alcohol before going behind the wheel, imagine the face of a little girl who has tears coming down her face due to the loss of her parents to drunk driving.
What can be done to prevent the many tragic results of drinking and driving?
One would not consider that by stepping into an automobile that they may either be in danger from a person driving under the influence or alcohol or that they themselves are at risk by drunk driving. Today our primary source of transportation is the automobile which takes us from one place to another. It is rather safe to drive, but if a person drives under the influence the result could be detrimental. According to the U.S. Transportation Department in 2006, there are 13,470 fatalities in crashes involving at least one driver who had a .08 or above BAC. To many, alcohol drinking is an activity done for social interaction and relaxation. Drinking alcohol itself is not dangerous, but the after effect of a drunk driver putting behind the wheel is. According to Hingston, ScD, a professor and chair of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Department , “Alcohol at even an amount as low as 0.02 percent blood alcohol is dangerous because it can impair the drivers performance by reducing reaction time and slowing the decision making process”(219). That means a small amount of alcohol can affect one’s ability and mind. Once people realize this information then it will help reduce the number of people killed each year. Education amongst people on this issue is very important, therefore an organization such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is constantly educating the public and pushing for new initiatives to crack down on drunk driving. Stricter laws I believe should be enforced to help this problem. Whatever it takes to save lives is what the opposition should consider when counter arguing or going against the new implementation or laws that are made. In my research I will discuss about the impacts of alcohol and the outcome of drinking and driving and giving situations where it has ended deadly. I will discuss about the organization that are helping to fight against drunk driving and the legislations or laws that have come about. I will provide information as to what I believe will help to lessen the results of drinking and driving. I will also provide my data that I have gathered to confirm or disconfirm my thoughts about people’s ideas on drinking and driving and what solutions should be done.
People who drink and drive cause many deaths in society. “The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration released data showing there were 13,470 deaths in 2006 involving drivers and motorcycle operators with blood alcohol levels of .08 or higher, which is the legal limit for adults throughout the country. The number was down slightly from 2005, when 13,582 people died in crashes.” These numbers are simply just numbers to some that are not moved by the tragic deaths that alcohol and driving have caused. But to others they have a deep sympathy for those dealing with pain of losing a loved one due to drunk driving. These people are aware of the deadly after math of drinking and driving and has a sense of what is going on in society. Browsing through web pages after the next, I find that there are many sad stories that occur due to drunk driving. All of which involves either a death or injury of those we love. Some stories involve love ones trying to deal with their love ones death or those trying to forgive the person responsible for their loss. All of these stories, I believe can be helped or avoided if people are more aware of this weapon of destruction, alcohol and driving. People should be educated more about alcohol and driving. All ages should be educated so that as time progress they are prone to thinking that driving and alcohol do not mix.
MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Driving is an organization developed in 1980 due to a mother’s grieving determination over her teenage daughter who died from a hit and run drunk driver that “sparked a volunteer movement that swept the nation and saved thousands of lives.” They did not just say drunk driving killed thousands, but instead they held up pictures to prove it. “The mission of MADD today is to stop drunk driving, support the victims of this violent crime, and prevent underage drinking”. (MADD) One of MADD’s solutions to drunk driving is education amongst people. People of all ages need to know more about the effects of drinking and driving. In a 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health of 67,500 conducted by Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Applied Studies, “Young adults aged 18-22 enrolled full time in college were more likely than their peers not enrolled full time to use alcohol in the past month, binge drink, and drink heavily. Past month alcohol use was reported by 66.4 percent of full time college students compared with 54.1 percent of persons aged 18 to 22 who were not enrolled full time”. This shows that young adults need to be educated about alcohol since they are placed in situations where drinking and driving is the norm. MADD is an organization that has ongoing focus on education, laws, and research. MADD has programs that educate the public whether it be through community outreach or towards schools. For example, MADD has a program called “Think”, which is a year round campaign to help high school students avoid underage drinking. Think campaign uses peer participation, creative party ideas, and lots of materials and support. Usually it is possible for less than a $1 per student. This price is inexpensive compared to the fines if charged with a DUI. Students organize the campaign, lead the pledge drive and put on other events to encourage friends to party safe and sober year round. This is only one of the many education that MADD offers. They also have assembly programs designed for elementary and highschools. It costs $675 for one show, but schools are able to try to get grants, sponsorships, or fundraising. For such a little amount, but it can save thousands of lives. These shows are designed to give students a powerful message about the dangers of underage drinking through celebrity interview, clips, and stories of real young people.
Not only should people educated about the deadly effects alcohol can cause, but they should be educated on how costly getting a DUI can cause. Not only does DUI can cause emotional upsets if death or injury occurs, it can also be costly towards peoples’ pockets. Different states have different penalties for a DUI conviction; therefore I will only focus on Arizona. The penalties in Arizona depend on the type of DUI that was charged and the defendant’s criminal record. Each individual’s case might be different. According to Jaffe Law Firm, Arizona DUI Defense website, the penalties for first offense impaired to a BAC above .08 are: Jail time of a range of 10 to 180 days . Minimum of 10 days of which 9 can be suspended it you agree on an alcohol and drug evaluation and treatment. Fines involve are approximately $1800, plus jail costs. License suspension of 90 days. Counseling which involves a substance abuse evaluation and compliance with recommendations. Five years of probation. Community service may be involved depending on the court. May be ordered to attend a session of MADD victims’ impact panel. Ignition Interlock Device required for 12 month. A range of 90 to 180 days in jail. Minimum of 90 consecutive days in jail. The court may suspend 60 of the 90 days in jail if you successfully complete all recommended treatment and counseling. For 2nd offense of BAC above .08 the penalties are: Fines of $3500 and jail costs. Revoked license for one year. Counseling for substance abuse evaluation. May be on probation of five years. Minimum of 30 hours of community service. May be ordered to attend MADD Victims’ impact panel. Ignition interlock device required for 12 months after license reinstatement. As for other extreme first and second offenders the sentencing would be increased. Getting charged for any type of DUI is rather time consuming and costly. Even though there are these costs whether it be emotional or monetary, some are not aware of such aftermath for just having one drink too many. To further research how people perceive of drinking and driving I conducted a small survey.
For my research I wanted to find out how people feel about drinking and driving. Therefore, did a survey of ten questions to see what are peoples’ thoughts on this issue. The questions in the survey are as followed:
1. Do you approve of having sobriety checkpoints whenever and wherever?
2. Should first time offenders for DUI be given stricter punishment?
3. Should there be more states having mandatory breath alcohol ignition interlocks installed in car for 1st time offender?
4. Have you ever drink and drive? How many times? How intoxicated?
5. Were you or anyone you know been involved in an accident caused by drunk driving?
6. Do you agree that drunk drivers have caused many deaths in the past years?
7. Do you agree that by enforcing more laws that it can reduce the number of deaths?
8. Do you agree that there should be more educators out there educating the effect of drinking and driving?
9. Do you agree that the message of drinking and driving has not been clearly delivered to the public?
10. Do you agree that a life is very precious?
I was able to have thirty surveys done. They are amongst health professionals, friends, business professionals, and so forth. Names were not requested so that the individuals’ answers will not be affected. After the surveys were collected and looked over I concluded that people like things to be done about drinking and driving. People are familiar with the deaths caused by drunk driving. Since they were professionals they were responsible drivers. Even so there were some that have said even though they knew of the consequences of drinking and driving, they still did it anyway. The majority of people that I interviewed would like more people being educated about the effects of drinking and driving. As discussed earlier there are organizations such as MADD that help educate people of all ages about the dangers of alcohol, as well as fighting for laws to aid in safety for people, and research for technology that can help combat against drivers driving drunk.
A measure that has not been out but I think will help with drinking and driving is that I think people who wish to get their drivers license take a weeklong course about the dangers of alcohol and driving. Thus course can be similar to those of MADD program assembly for school, the only difference is that it is an extended course with more information. I recall that in highschool we as students had drivers education and health education, but I do not think it is intense and deep enough to lay out the message. This course should be a requirement to have before taking the driving test. If later on an individual must need to take the drivers test again then they should also take the course again. Yes, it is rather a nuisance, but people need reminders.
For the sake of there being different laws in effect for drinking and driving, we will only talk about some of Arizona laws. Of the newest law that Arizona adapted is the ignition interlock law. Ignition interlocks prevent people who have alcohol in their system from driving a car. The alcohol ignition interlock is a breath test linked to a vehicle’s ignition system. There is a preset BAC linked to the system that the driver must not pass. “Installing interlocks on all repeat offenders has the potential to save the lives of at least 300 individuals per year.” (MADD) Typically the costs are $175 to install the device and $2.25 a day while interlock is in car. As of March of 2008, there are only five states with the interlock system. They are Washington, New Mexico, Arizona, Louisiana, and Illinois. Critics say interlock devices are expensive to maintain and provide a short-term answer to a long term proble. (Collom) It may be costly but it reduces the risk of drinking and driving and killing an innocent person. Who is to say that it is a short term. There is a possibility that the individual when lean from their mistake and not make the same wrong move again.
Another action or measure that I agree beside for education and ignition interlock are sobriety checkpoints. States should be able to have these checkpoints as reminders for people not to drink and drive. True, check points can sometimes be time consuming if there are long lines, but if it helps to capture DUI people then it is a good thing. Also sometimes people need those little reminders that alcohol can impair driving. Willard had said in his article, “The checkpoints serves as a visible warning not only to drivers who are drunk, but also to those who are sober but might contemplate driving in an impaired state on some other occasion.” (44) States should be allowed to have checkpoints wherefore they think is needed, especially on holidays where some forget about the responsibilities of a driver.
Education amongst individuals of all ages concerning drinking and driving is very important for a safe life. Community outreach and intervention would be helpful to those that have drive under the influence or will do so in the future. Education. Education. Education. Whether it a simple talk about alcohol or traffic accidents, every parent or friends and family should talk about it with their love ones. Hearing about it, being educated, can all lead to saving a life. Sometimes refresher or reminder of the deadly effects of alcohol can make a difference to one’s standpoint on alcohol and driving. I believe that along with more public education, more laws, devices, and research can all help decrease the number of fatalities involving alcohol. Even if it a burden to those who feel they don’t drink and drive that they shouldn’t be wasting their money or time with the for example sobriety checkpoints, still a life can be very precious. If you are not into the political battling of laws, you can be on the sidelines helping not drink and drive. Alcohol is a depressant so it slows down one’s ability to think, speak, move, and act. Therefore even a little of alcohol could affect your ability to drive. The next time you think of taking that last sip of alcohol before going behind the wheel, imagine the face of a little girl who has tears coming down her face due to the loss of her parents to drunk driving.
Evaluation Argument: Vegetarian: Good for Health
Vegetarian: Good for Health
In life there are always different types of decisions that are made. Whether it be the littlest of decisions or it be major life changing ones. All these decisions have to be decided on. Choosing what type of food to eat may seem like the simplest thing, but to others there are different reasons to what food they want to eat or not eat. There are different kinds of diets that exist. Diets involve with meat, diets rich in seafood, diets purely plant based, and diets with vegetables but no dairy or eggs—vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian diet include dairy and eggs, while lacto vegetarian diet exclude eggs, are all of many types of diets that exist (Alewaeters, 1434). Reasons to which diet are chosen for each person depends on many factors. Faulty belief that vegetarian diets are not healthy is one reasoning behind people not recommending vegetarian diets. The reality is that vegetarian diet can be healthy as long as recommended daily intakes are recognized and followed.
What are the different reasons that people choose to become a vegetarian? “Compassion for animals is one of many motivations for becoming vegetarian. Health is another major one.” (MacNair, 64). “Also common are environmental, world hunger, spiritual, aesthetic. (MacNair, 64). For a person to say that one diet is right and the other is wrong would be inaccurate. There is no right or wrong answer. Choosing what to eat is a matter of choice.
As a little kid I was taught that I should always eat my meats and vegetables. According to my parents missing one or the other food would cause me to not grow. Now there are different studies that show eating different kinds of diet can be beneficial. According to Harvard Women’s Health Watch, “vegetarians are 24% less likely to die of coronary heart disease”. “Diets that emphasize a greater consumption of plant foods are increasingly recognized by health authorities as providing important health benefits, including decreased disease risk such as heart disease, various cancers and type 2 diabetes” (Lea, 342).
According to Raykowski, RN, “The building blocks of nutrition are carbohydrates, protein, fats, and fiber” (55). Some people feel that eating a vegetarian diet can be lack in many valuable vitamins and nutrients. Some believe that without eating meat, vegetarian are lacking a lot of proteins. This is not true. Proteins can be found in many things beside meat. These nutrients can all be found in plant based food. An alternative to meat can be tofu or legumes. These can give the person the nutrients found in meat. Plant foods contain an abundant of chemicals that have a nutritional function. “Plants are a source of macro and micronutrients; they may also be a source of antioxidants and hormones.” (Jamison, 20). In other words plants offer many valuable nutrients. Soybeans are a good source of protein, polyunsaturated fat, fiber, minerals, oligosaccharides, and isoflavones. (Jamison, 20). These are all nutrients that one’s body need to maintain a healthy body.
Besides for proteins, vegetarians should keep in mind other valuable nutrients. Folate found in kale and other green leafy vegetables is a nutrient that prevent birth defects. It also reduces the risk of coronary artery disease in adults. Women need 0.4 mg daily. Vitamin D is needed to build bones and teeth. This is found in dairy products or supplements. The body needs about 200 IU a day. Calcium is another good nutrient. Other nutrients include iron and vitamin B-12. (Harvard Women’s Health)
People choose different diets that they want to eat. Many reasons exist as to which type of diet they chose. Vegetarian diet can be healthy diet as long as the individual is aware of following the recommended guidelines. One can not eat candy and unhealthy food and expect a vegetarian diet to be healthy. Whether a vegetarian diet is healthy or not depends on the person and their choices in foods. A healthy vegetarian diet also depends on the individual’s choice of exercise activity and absence of smoking.
In life there are always different types of decisions that are made. Whether it be the littlest of decisions or it be major life changing ones. All these decisions have to be decided on. Choosing what type of food to eat may seem like the simplest thing, but to others there are different reasons to what food they want to eat or not eat. There are different kinds of diets that exist. Diets involve with meat, diets rich in seafood, diets purely plant based, and diets with vegetables but no dairy or eggs—vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian diet include dairy and eggs, while lacto vegetarian diet exclude eggs, are all of many types of diets that exist (Alewaeters, 1434). Reasons to which diet are chosen for each person depends on many factors. Faulty belief that vegetarian diets are not healthy is one reasoning behind people not recommending vegetarian diets. The reality is that vegetarian diet can be healthy as long as recommended daily intakes are recognized and followed.
What are the different reasons that people choose to become a vegetarian? “Compassion for animals is one of many motivations for becoming vegetarian. Health is another major one.” (MacNair, 64). “Also common are environmental, world hunger, spiritual, aesthetic. (MacNair, 64). For a person to say that one diet is right and the other is wrong would be inaccurate. There is no right or wrong answer. Choosing what to eat is a matter of choice.
As a little kid I was taught that I should always eat my meats and vegetables. According to my parents missing one or the other food would cause me to not grow. Now there are different studies that show eating different kinds of diet can be beneficial. According to Harvard Women’s Health Watch, “vegetarians are 24% less likely to die of coronary heart disease”. “Diets that emphasize a greater consumption of plant foods are increasingly recognized by health authorities as providing important health benefits, including decreased disease risk such as heart disease, various cancers and type 2 diabetes” (Lea, 342).
According to Raykowski, RN, “The building blocks of nutrition are carbohydrates, protein, fats, and fiber” (55). Some people feel that eating a vegetarian diet can be lack in many valuable vitamins and nutrients. Some believe that without eating meat, vegetarian are lacking a lot of proteins. This is not true. Proteins can be found in many things beside meat. These nutrients can all be found in plant based food. An alternative to meat can be tofu or legumes. These can give the person the nutrients found in meat. Plant foods contain an abundant of chemicals that have a nutritional function. “Plants are a source of macro and micronutrients; they may also be a source of antioxidants and hormones.” (Jamison, 20). In other words plants offer many valuable nutrients. Soybeans are a good source of protein, polyunsaturated fat, fiber, minerals, oligosaccharides, and isoflavones. (Jamison, 20). These are all nutrients that one’s body need to maintain a healthy body.
Besides for proteins, vegetarians should keep in mind other valuable nutrients. Folate found in kale and other green leafy vegetables is a nutrient that prevent birth defects. It also reduces the risk of coronary artery disease in adults. Women need 0.4 mg daily. Vitamin D is needed to build bones and teeth. This is found in dairy products or supplements. The body needs about 200 IU a day. Calcium is another good nutrient. Other nutrients include iron and vitamin B-12. (Harvard Women’s Health)
People choose different diets that they want to eat. Many reasons exist as to which type of diet they chose. Vegetarian diet can be healthy diet as long as the individual is aware of following the recommended guidelines. One can not eat candy and unhealthy food and expect a vegetarian diet to be healthy. Whether a vegetarian diet is healthy or not depends on the person and their choices in foods. A healthy vegetarian diet also depends on the individual’s choice of exercise activity and absence of smoking.
Monday, March 17, 2008
Common Courtesy Expected of Apartment Tenants
This is my second year that I have lived in an apartment. Living in an apartment one would say is completely different from living in a house. You would hear more noises than you would hear from a house. Imagine sleeping and you would be awake from sounds of people running down the stairs at 11 o'clock at night. Then 3 o'clock rolls around and more people would run up or down the stairs. This is very inconsiderate of other tenants. You would think common courtesy would run through their head while they run down or up the stairs. What I would do to let these people know that the fitness center is around the corner. If they need exercise then do it at a gym or in their own home without disturbing the sleep of other paying members of the apartment complex. They are paying the same amount of rent as I do, but why is it that I am not getting my sleep?
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